Muslim Brotherhoods in the interacted Tensions context of the Political Systems in the GCC (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar): Comparative- Analytical Approach

Authors

Khalid M. Aldabas, Department of Political Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.

Document Type

Article

Abstract

This study aimed at exploring the political attitudes differences among Arab Gulf Countries (Saudi Arabia, the Emirates, and Qatar) toward Muslim Brotherhood(MB) at local, regional, and international levels. It will also review the historical, political, ideological, and religious contexts that established and affect the relationship between Arab Gulf Countries and MB.

The study also was designed to find out the most prominent regional and international developments that escalated the relationship between Muslim Brotherhoods from one side, and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, on the other side. Historical, Analytical Descriptive, Comparative, Group Analysis, System Analysis methodologies were used. The study concluded that the regional and international factors had the most prominent role in shaping the political and security attitudes of the Arab Gulf States toward Muslim Brotherhoods. The Historical Functional roles of the Muslim Brotherhood were contributed to enhance the relationships with Gulf States. The absence of a common enemy has contributed for escalating the relationship between Muslim Brotherhoods and (Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), on the contrary, Qatar has supported them.

The study concluded that (MB) was considered a threat to the ruling political regimes by Saudi Arabia and the UAE, once the threat of nationalism had diminished, the collapse of the communist, and the defeat of the Soviets in Afghanistan. Brotherhood's problems were escalated with Saudi Arabia in the aftermath of the Iraqi invasion against Kuwait.

The study used a number of theories that were able to provide theoretical explanations for the development of political Islam phenomenon in the Arab region. The Context-Historical approach has combined the historical developments of political Islam in the Arab Gulf states, and the political, social, and cultural contexts that embraced it. Marxism believed that the imperial powers, led by the USA mobilized the Islamic forces, including the Muslim Brotherhood, to confront the communist expansion in the Arab region and in the Islamic world.

Marxism also interpreted the rise of political Islam as a result of the failure of the leftist forces and the secularists. The economic crises in the Arab countries had paved the way for political Islam to establish intellectual legitimacy among the masses.

Recommended Citation

M. Aldabas, Khalid (2023) "Muslim Brotherhoods in the interacted Tensions context of the Political Systems in the GCC (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar): Comparative- Analytical Approach," Association of Arab Universities Journal for Arts مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للآداب: Vol. 20: Iss. 2, Article 5.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/aauja/vol20/iss2/5