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Dirassat

Abstract

The customs (Irfan)and the management of inter-tribal violence in pre-colonial Moroccoera:The case of the Ait Atta tribes

Anthropologists have divided societies into two parts: peaceful and violent ones. The peaceful society or primitive devises rules on tight and precise laws that impose order and stability to prevent chaos and war internally and externally. On the other hand, the violent society bases its decisions on personal rules, blood, and kinship but customary laws try to prevent deterrence and repression. This study seeks to analyze different aspects of these laws and customs in the way violence was managed between tribes in pre-colonial Morocco even though many tribes and Bedouin werehistorically questioned in their faith and considered to be outside the scope of Islamic law. The Ait-Atta tribes in the southeast of Morocco is the sample under investigation. These tribes share space, lands and goods with other tribes. These interactionsleadto continuous conflicts, wars and violencewhich the article addresses based on some historical accounts and analyses of texts.

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