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Journal of Engineering Research

Journal of Engineering Research

DOI

10.70259/engJER.2024.851866

Abstract

This experimental study investigates the performance of a modified solar still that utilizes a rotating burlap cloth to enhance water evaporation and productivity. Conducted in Tanta, Egypt within a hot desert climate, the system was designed with a 31° angle to maximize solar energy absorption. A 12V DC motor was employed to maintain continuous rotation of the burlap, ensuring consistent contact with the water surface and promoting enhanced evaporation. The modified system achieved a peak water temperature of 89.4°C, resulting in a total water output of 1.547 liters per day, which translates to 4.56 liters per square meter per day—an improvement of 14% compared to conventional solar stills. With an efficiency of 44.7%, the system performed at high levels relative to typical solar stills, which generally operate within the range of 30%–50%. In hot summer months in the same region, where ambient temperatures can reach 40°C, the system's productivity could increase to 6 liters per square meter per day, reflecting a potential 30% enhancement over conventional designs. This innovative approach combines relatively low cost with high productivity, offering a practical solution for solar desalination. The findings demonstrate that this design represents one of the most efficient and cost-effective systems for water production in Hot desert climates (BWh), capable of providing significant water output under optimal conditions.

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