Evaluating Energy Efficiency and Thermal Performance in Egypt’s Social Housing: Climate-Responsive Design and Material Impact in Hot Desert Environments

Authors

Ahmed M. Hanafi, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, October 6 University, 6th of October City, 12585, Giza, Egypt.Follow
Mohamed A. Moawed, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt
Osama E. Abdullatif, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

As Egypt's urban areas expand rapidly, the demand for energy-efficient, affordable housing in extreme hot desert climates has become increasingly urgent. This study investigates the energy efficiency and thermal performance of Egypt’s Social Housing Project, with a focus on residential building in New Aswan City, where summer temperatures frequently exceed 45°C. Employing a validated energy model, this research simulates annual energy consumption for the building, which comprises 24 residential units, each approximately 86 m². The model integrates realistic occupancy schedules, region-specific weather data, and common household behavior patterns to closely reflect actual energy usage. Findings indicate a high alignment between simulated and observed data, with an annual energy consumption (AEC) of 5,770 kWh, achieving an accuracy within 0.36% of real measurements. Analysis highlights that construction materials, such as reinforced concrete walls with U-values of 2.663 W/m²-K, along with design features like a 10% window-to-wall ratio, play a pivotal role in moderating thermal loads. The study underscores the significance of climate-responsive design strategies—particularly in optimizing HVAC operations during peak cooling periods—and provides essential insights for improving energy efficiency in social housing developments. These findings offer practical guidelines for policymakers and designers in Egypt and similar hot climates, supporting sustainable development in affordable housing initiatives.

Recommended Citation

Hanafi, Ahmed M.; Moawed, Mohamed A.; and Abdullatif, Osama E. (2024) "Evaluating Energy Efficiency and Thermal Performance in Egypt’s Social Housing: Climate-Responsive Design and Material Impact in Hot Desert Environments," Journal of Engineering Research: Vol. 8: Iss. 6, Article 1.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/erjeng/vol8/iss6/1