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Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Abstract

Globally, preterm birth is a major clinical problem associated with significant mortality and morbidity in the perinatal, neonatal, and childhood periods and even in adulthood. The study aimed to evaluate the mortality and morbidity of preterm neonates admitted to Maternity and Childhood Hospital (MCH) in Al-Mukalla. A retrospective case-control study at a ratio of 1 1 was conducted in the neonatal unit of pediatric ward from October 2012 to October 2013. The study included records of 104 preterm neonates as cases and equal numbers of full term neonates as control. The results showed high mortality rate (22.6%) among the neonates. The main causes of death among cases were respiratory disorders 62.5% and Sepsis 35% while in controls were birth asphyxia 42.9% and congenital anomalies 42.9%. There were statistically significant association between neonatal mortality rate and body weight and gestational age of the neonate (p value = 0 .000 and 0.001 respectively). Regarding morbidity, there were statistically significant association between cases and controls in the following complications: respiratory distress, apnea, feeding problems, jaundice (p value = 0.016, 0.000, 0.014, 0.020 respectively) As well as (hypoglycemia, sepsis, gastrointestinal bleeding and Birth asphyxia ( (p value = 0.006, 0.000, 0.010 and 0.006 respectively). The mortality rate was high among preterm infants. We concluded that urgent improvement is needed in prenatal and neonatal care to reduce death and complications.

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