Indoor/Outdoor Air Quality and Children Health Risk Assessment for PM10 and PM2.5 on Urban Areas at Al- Mukalla City, Yemen

Authors

Shada Zaki Ahmed, College of Environmental Sciences and Marine Biology, Hadhramout University

Abstract

Particulate matter was measured inside and outside eight homes within urban areas of Al- Mukalla city, Yemen by Gravimetric analysis using Tuff-Plus 3 Air Sampler. Sources observation and health risk assessment were done using survey. Meteorological parameters and outdoor sources as well as indoor sources of particulate matter were the main producer of indoor particulate matter air pollution, where wind speed and direction showed significant effect on PM10 I/O ratio and positive effect of relative humidity, while negative effect was from temperature. On the other hand, PM2.5 was positively affected by temperature, wind speed and relative humidity and negatively affected by wind direction. Air Quality was classified using health questionnaire air quality index and was confidential as hazardous air over the urban areas of the Al- Mukalla city with extremely high level of PM2.5&PM10 causing respiratory disease and symptoms of wheezing, itchy rash and asthma from the exposure of PM10 rather than the exposure of PM2.5. This is because the PM10I/O ratio was 0.63 higher than PM2.5 ratio of 0.52.In addition to that, PM2.5 andPM10 outdoor concentration were above the WHO and EPA standards, although the outdoor concentration of PM2.5 was higher than that of PM10. Finally, PM2.5& PM10 were derived through migration of outdoor particles since I/OPM10 and PM2.5 were ≤

Recommended Citation

Ahmed, Shada Zaki (2018) "Indoor/Outdoor Air Quality and Children Health Risk Assessment for PM10 and PM2.5 on Urban Areas at Al- Mukalla City, Yemen," Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences: Vol. 15: Iss. 2, Article 14.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.aaru.edu.jo/huj_nas/vol15/iss2/14