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International Design Journal

International Design Journal

Abstract

Packaging materials research areas have a great concerned to develop and create attractive packaging item with eco-friendly and health impact. There is still an urgent need to establish innovative design and production standards that attract the eyes of the consumer, and these standards must be cost-effective and for the production. So this study aims to ergonomic science applied to design comfortable packaging bottle with easy drinkable and handling easily and using future environmentally friendly materials in the world of packaging. 3D printing technology was used to produce three bottle designs with a 45ᵒ inclination angle produced from polylactic acid (PLA) filament as biodegradable and eco-friendly polymer. The 3D printed bottles are designed as a prototype for the consumer. Three PLA bottles were investigated as acceptable packaging materials with mechanical properties, overall migration and migrated toxic heavy metals detection. The samples were analyzed for heavy metal content per ASTM E1613-04 where overall migration was measured according to EC 2011/10. Tensile strength and elongation at break exhibited good physico-mechanical properties with for 43 MPa and4.6 %, respectively as hard packaging item. The overall migration was acceptable according to EC 2011/10. In addition, migrated heavy metals detection shown tiny value as ≥ 0.3 ppm. Designing bottles were digitally printed to add a logo on bottle beside printed paper sticker. Moreover, statistical questionnaire scanning was shown a great acceptable percentage with more than 83% for designing, printing and easy use of produced bottles. 3D printing, ergonomic design and packaging materials research fields are combined to create sustainable packaging bottle for easy and health use.

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