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International Design Journal

International Design Journal

Abstract

Statement of the problem: 1- Each twisted yarn has specifications that differ from the others in (material type, count, spinning method, twist direction, T.P.I, number of single yarns). It is obvious to do so, according to the diversity of the parameters of the yarn. Thus a machine setting is needed such as : 1- Tensor Device content : (Spring Type, Tension Dial, Break Disk, Washer). 2- Balloon Guide Rod. 3- Over Feed Roller. 4- Tension Ball Bearing (Guide Roller). 5- Spindles Speed. 6- Yarn lease angle. And also, these standards differ according to manufacturer (machine Co.). With every twisted yarn must make many experimental works to define all these machine settings exactly (that differ from a yarn to another, and obviously from a machine to another) to adjust actual T.P.I. in produced yarns and prevent snarl. Industrial establishment deals daily with a large number of carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning with different specifications and in order to avoid any mistakes from human element, the thought to create a table (Excel sheet) from which the designer could obtain detailed data for scientific and technical standers of each twisted yarn (two-fold, three-fold, and four-fold) in an easy way. This method safes time, effort and money using three different types of most popular compact twister machines for spun yarn : Lee Wha 541 SA of South Korea, Murata NO. 363 of Japan, Volkmann VTS-07 of Germany. 2- Determining the best compact twister machine type suitable for carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning in terms of its impact on physical and mechanical properties of produced yarns on one side, as well as operating economics, time and production rates on other side. Significance: 1- Providing a practical and academic study That enhance the performance of compact twister for carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning on three different machines based on scientific and technical aspects. 2- Analysis, evaluation and comparison among physical and mechanical properties of carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning, and twisted by three different compact twister machines. Objectives: 1- plotting or setting an excel sheet for the best scientific and technical parameters of three different compact twister machines. Fit as a primary database for carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning, and twisted of (two-fold, three-fold, and four-fold). 2- Determining the best compact twister machine type suitable for carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning through their effect on physical and mechanical properties of produced yarns, which increases quality of final product, and achieves functional aspect on one side, as well as operating economics, time and production rates on other side. 3- Saving time, effort and avoiding production mistakes that can't be addressed in the following stages, thus improving operating efficiency due to multiplicity scientific and technical standards on three compact twister machines, as well as carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning. Hypothesis : The research hypothesizes that : using three different compact twister machines for carded cotton yarn produced by ring-spinning has a direct effect on physical and mechanical properties of same yarn count produced, as well as operating economics, time and production rates, using excel sheet to record various scientific and technical standards of three different compact twister machines improves performance level and reduce production mistakes that can't be addressed in the following stages. Delimitations: Choose three carded cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning that differ from combed cotton yarns produced by ring-spinning and performing both (doubling & compact twister) process to be : 30/2S, 36/2S, 40/2S on three different compact twister machines to determine the difference on physical and mechanical properties of produced yarns has the same yarn count. Methodology: The research follows experimental and analytical method. Experimental Work: Produce (26) carded cotton yarn Giza (89), Ne. (10/1S ~ 50/1S) cotton by ring spinning (Z), and doubling process performed (two-fold, three-fold, and four-fold) on Murata High Speed Doubler Winder Machine. Then twisted on three different compact twister machines: Lee Wha 541 SA M/C, Murata No. 363 M/C, Volkmann VTS-07 M/C in twist direction (S) using different twist factors. Yarn Testing: Select three carded cotton yarns twisted by three different compact twister machines : Lee Wha 541 SA M/C, Murata NO. 363 M/C, Volkmann VTS-07 M/C. Then laboratory tests conducted in standard laboratory atmosphere at (temperature of 20 ± 2, relative humidity of 65% ± 2). According to ASTM : yarn tensile strength, elongation, yarn Hairiness, yarn imperfections IPI includes the sum of both (thick places, thin places, Neps/1000 meter) using Uster Evenness Tester-5 and actual turn per inch T.P.I using Uster ZWEIGLE TWIST TESTER. Results : 1-Tensile strength of twisted yarn on Volkmann VTS-07 M/C is higher than tensile strength of twisted yarn on Murata NO. 363 M/C, while the lowest tensile strength of twisted yarn on Lee Wha 541 SA M/C. 2- Breaking Elongation ratio of twisted yarn on Volkmann VTS-07 M/C is higher than breaking elongation ratio on Murata NO. 363 M/C, while the lowest elongation on Lee Wha 541 SA M/C. 3- Hairiness values of twisted yarns on Lee Wha 541 SA M/C are higher than hairiness values of twisted yarns on Murata NO. 363 M/C, while the lowest values for twisted yarns on Volkmann VTS- 07 M/C. 4-Imperfection ratio (IPI), which includes the sum of both (thick places, thin places, and Neps/ 1000 m) in twisted yarn on Lee Wha 541 SA M/C, is higher than IPI ratio in twisted yarn on Murata NO. 363 M/C, while the lowest IPI ratio in twisted yarns on Volkmann VTS-07 M/C. 5-Regularity T.P.I of twisted yarns on Volkmann VTS-07 M/C is higher than T.P.I regularity of twisted yarns on Murata NO. 363 M/C while less uniformity of T.P.I found on Lee Wha 541 SA M/C.

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