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International Design Journal

International Design Journal

Abstract

Egypt is one of the largest wheat importing countries in the Middle East. It is one of the strategic crops that is deficient in its production capacity to meet the consumer needs of the community. Therefore, there are many attempts to reach practical solutions to increase local production and reduce imports to increase self-sufficiency. These solutions include the cultivation of wheat in the reclaimed sandy soil, but it is poor in its properties and requires many agricultural seasons and treatments to be arable soil. The most important problems are that the soil granules are loose and cannot hold water. The importance of using cellulose fabrics as Agrotextiles in the form of mats to improve the functions of soil and reduce the process of evaporation and leakage and thus increase the retention of soil water and provide appropriate moisture for the process of germination and growth of wheat crop. The use of jute fibers, as mats has been greater importance to water retention. Agricultural experiments were conducted to test the effect of jute mats through three weights per square meter with different irrigation rates to improve the properties of sandy soil and the growth of cultivated wheat plant. The results showed improved plant growth compared to the sandy soil studied without the use of tissue mats. The results of dry weight of the plant with jute mats gave an increase in the dry weight of wheat 251% with the highest level of weight per square meter of the mats, when using the normal rate of irrigation (100% Of the plant's need for water) while the increase was equivalent to 160.1% at the rate of irrigation 75% and 39.3% with irrigation rate of 50% of the water used when compared to the results of soil without textile mats.

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